My
Rating: 4.0 / 5.0
Amazon Rating: 4.50 / 5.00
Goodreads Rating: 4.10 / 5.00
Dana is a black woman living in California in 1976. She is a writer and
is married to her husband, Kevin, who is white. On her twenty-sixth birthday
she suddenly becomes dizzy and collapses, only to awake in Maryland before the
Civil War. She sees a white child drowning in a river as his mother screams on
the riverbank. Without thinking, Dana dives in and saves the boy, dragging him
to the shore and then using artificial respiration to restart his breathing.
His mother is terrified by the black woman using ‘magic’ on her child and beats
Dana until the boy’s father steps up and points a loaded rifle at Dana’s head.
At this point, Dana feels faint again and is returned to 1976.
It soon becomes clear that the child was Rufus, the son of a plantation
owner and one of Dana’s ancestors because he had a child with a freed slave
called Alice. Shortly after this first incident, Dana is pulled back again to
save Rufus from a life-threatening situation but stays for several hours rather
than only a few minutes. It appears that time passes differently in the two
timelines and so Dana begins to spend extended periods of time in an era where
her skin color is the only thing that defines her as a person.
This book and author have been on my TBR pile since they were
recommended during Kristen’s Women in SF&F 2012 event over at Fantasy Cafe. I was aware that
the author was a person of color, which made me even more determined to include
this title in my reading this year and I am glad that I made the effort. This
was an interesting read, although I can only imagine how shocking it was to the
American reading public when it was originally published.
This is one of the few books that I have read that really made me feel
the massive differences between American and British history and societal
norms. Yes, I grew up knowing about racism in the UK, and I was certainly aware
that some people had a real issue with the influx of non-white people in the
1950s. However, the issue of slavery was not as prominent because the vast
majority of the African slaves in the British Empire were not actually located
in the UK, but in the colonies in the West Indies, for example. When these
peoples became free they remained where they were and so did not have to
integrate with their previous owners back in Britain. Also, slavery within the
UK was made illegal much earlier than in the US and was extended to the whole
of the Empire by the Slavery Abolition Act of 1833. All of this makes the
British experience very different from that of the US, especially in the
Confederate states where much of the action in this novel is based. Similarly,
the UK did not suffer from the same racial tensions, segregation and
discrimination that led to the civil rights movement of the mid-twentieth
century in the US.
Although this novel uses time travel to allow us to experience slavery
from a very personal perspective, there is never any attempt to explain why the
link between Dana and her ancestor, Rufus, exists. Both parties are unable to
explain why she travels through time and why she can carry objects with her, including
her husband at one point. However, they quickly conclude that mortal danger is
the trigger that opens the ‘portal’ with Rufus’ imminent death calling her to
his aid and her fear sending her back to her own time. The time dilation that
we see in the past was an interesting choice, allowing the author to follow
Rufus’ whole life story over a relatively short period of Dana’s perception.
This makes it far easier to accept her fears about what would happen if she
were to ‘travel’ to his time whilst she were driving or crossing a road. It was
also a massive relief to know that, at the end, she could get on with her life
without fear of ever returning to slavery in Maryland.
However, as a modern reader, I did not feel the impact of the
discrimination that was present in both time streams. Perhaps I am cynical, but
I was not overly surprised by the attitudes of Dana’s guardians when she
married a white man, as I assumed that an interracial marriage would have been
very shocking in 1976. Equally, I was appalled by the treatment of slaves that
we witness in antebellum Maryland, but not surprised. I have read and seen
enough representations of slavery to know how terribly many of them suffered.
In many ways, I was actually surprised that Dana was not punished more for her
impudence and unacceptable behavior, as it would have been viewed by the whites
of that period.
Dana herself is an appealing character. As Grace says at Books
Without Any Pictures, she is remarkably easy to identify with. She is
appalled by the level of hygiene and medicine that she encounters, and yet she
finds a place for herself in this shockingly different world. Although we get
the impression that she is rather soft, emotionally, and petite, she shows
great strength of character and presence of mind. I particularly liked her
relationship with her husband, who has his own sojourn in the past. They seem
like a regular, everyday couple, with the usual issues and problems. They
struggle to cope with her ‘travels’ and he finds it almost impossible to cope
with the way that she is treated in the past. I also thought that his
disorientation was well drawn when he finally returns to the modern day after
many years in the nineteenth century. I appreciated that his instinctive
response was anger and frustration, and that at no point did I ever feel as if
we were shown an easier alternative if a grittier one would be more realistic.
I was impressed by the variety of attitudes that we saw amongst the
slaves. Although there was a vague sense of disappointment about those who
adopted an attitude closer to ‘Uncle Tom’ than Dana would like to see, she
always found out why they had been broken and made to become subservient. We
see physical punishment used as a casual way to keep them in place, but other, subtler,
methods are also shown. The cook, who seems to be a confident and outspoken
woman, has been cowed by having most of her children sold away from the
plantation and we see families broken up on a regular basis at the whim of the
owner. We see slaves quietly determined to better themselves, but the ever-present
fear of punishment keeps even the strongest from acting rashly.
Perhaps the most interesting aspect of this novel was the insight it
gave us into the thinking of Rufus. At first he seems like a lovely little boy,
with his best friend, Alice, and you think that they might become leaders in
the movement to allow interracial marriages. However, as the story unfolds, it
becomes increasingly difficult to understand how these two can by Dana’s
ancestors, as Rufus becomes a typical slave owner, with a sense of entitlement
that is truly repellent. By the end of the book I was fervently hoping that
Dana would actively chose not to save him from the next danger or actually kill
him herself. His attitude to women is appalling, although could be partially explained
by the twisted relationships he has with his hysterical mother and remotely
critical father. Indeed the treatment of women to breed new slaves and to
satisfy the needs of their owners is even more disgusting when you have to
listen to a young man explain why a woman should just let him have sex with her
rather than forcing him to rape her. Such thinking is no doubt an accurate
depiction of how many men thought at the time, and still do in some cases, but
it is not something that I enjoy reading.
Overall, I would highly recommend this book to anyone who wants to
explore the slave experience, especially from a female point of view. It is
only minimally a science fiction title, and the time travel is merely a device,
but that does not reduce the impact of a modern, free woman being forced to
accept the role of a slave. It was a grim, but very rewarding read.
I read
this as part of a whole heap of challenges:
I actually quite like time travelling stories and this sounds quite intriguing.
ReplyDeleteThanks
Lynn :D
It was certainly very well written and thought provoking, but i'm not sure if it still has the impact that it had when it was published. I would certainly recommend it though.
ReplyDeleteIntriguing premise. It reminds me of The Freedom Maze, which also focuses on someone going back in time to slavery-days and encountering her ancestors. This sounds like a more adult book, though, and potentially much darker...
ReplyDeleteI haven't read The Freedom Maze, but I might look it up for comparison.
ReplyDeleteKindred is certainly dark in it's portrayal of the hopelessness of many of the slaves, but I found the darkest aspect to be Rufus: I was like Dana in that I kept hoping that he would prove to be more enlightened and 'different' from the other whites, but his attitudes were horrific, especially towards Alice.